The ocean’s magic comes alive without needing to hop on a boat or strap on a snorkel. Through immersive exhibits and a deep reverence for Hawaiian marine life, the center offers a profound look into the sea that surrounds the Islands. From shimmering schools of tropical fish to the graceful dance of sea turtles and the quiet power of native sharks, every encounter deepens your connection to Hawai‘i’s underwater world. You will never look at the ocean the same way again. I sure didn’t.

“What an amazing aquarium! I’ve only been to one other aquarium (Monterey Bay) and this one is head and shoulders above that one.” — Bill L.

Green Sea Turtle (Maui Ocean Center) Shutterstock

Key Exhibits at Maui Ocean Center

Humpbacks of Hawaiʻi Exhibit & Sphere

Experience the magic of humpback whales like never before in an immersive 3D theater with surround sound that brings their world to life. Watch as they breach, sing, and care for their young, all while learning about their annual migration to Hawai‘i’s warm waters each winter to breed and give birth before returning to the Northern Pacific.

Learn what you can do to protect these special creatures.

Hawaiians and the Sea

Hawaiians and the Sea is a powerful exhibit that honors the deep-rooted bond between Native Hawaiians and the ocean. Through stories, artifacts, and interactive displays, it explores traditional wayfinding, sustainable fishing practices, and the cultural beliefs that view the sea not just as a resource — but as a revered ancestor and life force.

Discover how Native Hawaiians have rediscovered the skill of wayfinding and sailing by the stars through the Polynesian Voyaging Society.

Kaho‘olawe: History and Healing

A poignant look at one of Hawai‘i’s most sacred and storied islands once used as a military training ground, Kahoʻolawe is now the focus of powerful restoration efforts. This exhibit shares the island’s cultural importance to Native Hawaiians and the community-driven journey to heal its land and spirit.

Find out what is being done to restore Kahoolawe’s land through the Kahoolawe Island Reserve Commission (KIRC)

Living Reef Exhibit

Home to over 40 species of Hawaiian corals, this exhibit highlights the vibrant ecosystems of Hawaii’s reefs and the myriad marine species they support. ​

Is your sunscreen approved for use in Hawai‘i? Learn about Hawai‘i’s law on reef-safe sunscreens.

Open Ocean Exhibit

Plunges into the heart of the deep with a breathtaking 750,000-gallon tank teeming with sharks, rays, and other open-ocean predators. The highlight? A 54-foot-long underwater tunnel that surrounds you in a 360-degree view, offering an unforgettable, up-close encounter with the ocean’s most powerful — and graceful — inhabitants.

Learn more about manta rays.

Turtle Lagoon

This serene exhibit offers an up-close view of these ancient mariners, honu, while sharing their life cycle, habitat, and the cultural respect they hold in Hawaiian tradition. It also highlights vital conservation efforts to protect them, ensuring future generations can continue to witness their gentle presence in island waters.

Learn more about sea turtles here.

Plant Life

Many plant species are found exclusively in the Hawaiian Islands and nowhere else in the world.  It is estimated that there are around 1,200 native flowering plant species in Hawai’i. This exhibit highlights various types of trees, shrubs, herbs, and ferns.

Discover the beauty and meaning of Native Hawaiian plants.

Blowfish at the Maui Ocean Center (Shutterstock)

Sleep in the Deep – Sleepover at Maui Ocean Center

Imagine drifting off to bed lulled to sleep by sharks, manta rays, and swirling schools of tropical fish. Every month, Maui Ocean Center hosts Sleep in the Deep, a one-of-a-kind sleepover where keiki (kids) and families can camp out below the massive Open Ocean Exhibit. It’s part slumber party, part ocean adventure— with educational activities, guided tours, and after-hours fun. Private group bookings are also available, making it perfect for birthday parties or school outings. It’s a night your kids will never forget — and honestly, neither will you.

Pricing and Participants

• Price: $125 per person (15% discount for members: $106.50)
• Ages: 7-12 recommended (minimum age: 7, older children welcome)
• Group Size: 15-40 participants
• Chaperone Ratio: 1 adult (21+) per 8 children

What’s Included

• Evening snacks and light continental breakfast
• Educational activities and presentations
• Movie night in Makai Theater
• Behind-the-scenes experiences
• Sleeping area in the open ocean exhibit

Sample Schedule

Evening

• 6:45 p.m.: Check-in
• 7 p.m.: Orientation
• 7:15 p.m.: Coral reef presentation and scavenger hunt
• 7:45 p.m.: Group activities
• 9 p.m.: Movie and snacks
• 10:30 p.m.: Lights out

Morning

• 6:30 a.m.: Wake-up
• 7:10 a.m.: Assist with morning feedings
• 8 a.m.: Breakfast
• 8:30 a.m.: Educational activities
• 9:30 a.m.: Program ends

Maui Ocean Center (Facebook)

Maui Ocean Center Visitor Information 

Hours: Open daily from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.​

Admission: General admission includes access to all exhibits and the Sphere experience. Discounts are available for kamaʻāina (Hawaii residents) and U.S. military personnel. ​

Amenities: The center features the Seascape Restaurant and the Maui Ocean Treasures gift shop.

General Admission Rates as of 2025:

• Adult (13-64 years): $49.95​
• Child (4-12 years): $39.95​
• Senior (65+ years): $44.95​

Kamaʻāina and U.S. Military Rates:

• Adult (13-64 years): $29.95​
• Child (4-12 years): $19.95​
• Senior (65+ years): $26.95​

A valid Hawaiʻi state ID or U.S. military ID is required for discounted rates. ​

Kamaʻāina Weekend Special:

On Saturdays and Sundays, Hawaiʻi residents can enjoy further savings:​

• Adult: $15​
• Child: $10​

Annual Membership Rates:

• Adult (13-64 years): $135​
• Child (4-12 years): $120​
• Senior (65+ years): $125​
• Family ʻOhana Flex Pass (2 adults & 2 interchangeable children): $300​

Additional Information:

• Advance Purchase Discount: Booking tickets at least one day in advance offers a $5 savings on admission. ​
• Parking: Paid parking is available for $2 per hour or $8 per day via the ParkLinq App or QR code upon arrival. ​
• Prices are subject to change, it’s advisable to check the official Maui Ocean Center website for the most current information. ​

Dining Options at Maui Ocean Center and Surrounding Area

Seascape Restaurant, located inside the Maui Ocean Center in Ma‘alaea, offers a sustainable dining experience with scenic harbor views and an open-air setting. ​A Platinum Certified “Ocean Friendly Restaurant,” they emphasize environmentally-friendly seafood. Prices are moderate, with appetizers ranging from $9 to $13 and main courses averaging between $14 and $20. ​While walk-ins are welcome, reservations are recommended, especially during peak hours.

Menu Highlights:

The menu features a variety of island-inspired dishes, including fresh seafood, salads, sandwiches, and vegetarian options. Notable items include:​

• Ahi Poke Nachos — Premium grade ahi tuna tossed with sesame oil, served over taro chips with fresh avocado. ​
• Seascape Cobb Salad — Cajun mahi-mahi, bay shrimp, and house-made crab cakes over mixed greens. ​
• Vegetarian Wrap — Grilled vegetables, quinoa, avocado, and sprouts in a stone fire wrap. ​

Other Nearby Bites

Within approximately a mile of the Maui Ocean Center, several other dining options are available:​

• Tante’s Fish Market Restaurant & Bar — Located in the Maalaea Harbor Shops, Tante’s specializes in seafood, local Hawaiian cuisine, sushi, and Filipino dishes. The restaurant provides harbor views and a full-service bar. ​
• Havens Harborside Fish & Chophouse — Also in the Maalaea Harbor Shops, this upscale-casual restaurant, led by Chef Zach Sato, offers Hawaiian regional cuisine with an emphasis on local flavors and ingredients. The dining area provides panoramic ocean views. ​
• Maalaea General Store & Cafe — A relaxed spot offering breakfast and lunch options such as acai bowls, sandwiches, and tacos. Known for its casual atmosphere and generous portions. ​
• Hula Cookies & Ice Cream — Located near the Maui Ocean Center, this dessert spot serves a variety of cookies and ice cream, perfect for a sweet treat after a meal. ​

The post Maui Ocean Center: A Premier Aquarium appeared first on Hawaii.com.

On a quiet morning in the mountains, before the trail fills with footsteps and voices, the forest hums with life. Leaves rustle. Wind stirs through the canopy. And somewhere above, a high, whistling call cuts through the stillness. This is Hawaiʻi as few visitors experience it — alive with native Hawaiian birds whose songs have echoed across these islands for generations.

The intricate bird song of these native species is not just a call but a complex melody that plays a crucial role in their territorial behavior and mate attraction. You don’t need to be a birder to appreciate their beauty. You just need to slow down, listen, and look up. Whether you’re planning a hike through the upland rainforest or visiting a coastal wildlife refuge, this guide will help you discover the birds that call Hawaiʻi home — and understand why their presence is so meaningful.

red-footed booby (Shutterstock)

Hawaiʻi once had over 130 native bird species, each uniquely adapted to island life. Separated by thousands of miles from any continent, these birds evolved into colorful nectar-feeders, ground dwellers, and canopy singers, who played vital roles in the forest’s health.

But these birds are more than beautiful or biologically unique — they are deeply woven into the cultural fabric of Hawaiʻi. Many are honored as aumākua, ancestral guardians that watch over families and guide them in times of need. Their feathers once adorned the cloaks and helmets of aliʻi, crafted with care and ceremony, each plume representing a connection to the divine.

Their vocalizations echo through oli (chants) and appear in hula that celebrate the land, its winds, and its forests. The wood thrush, known for its unique ability to produce two simultaneous tracks from separate voice boxes, parallels the cultural significance of bird songs in Hawai’i, showcasing the intricate beauty and complexity of avian communication. They are present not just in the trees, but in the stories that shape identity and place.

While some have vanished, many remain — darting through native forests, gliding above the wetlands, or soaring silently over open plains. To see one is more than a lucky sighting. It’s a moment of connection. A glimpse into the living spirit of Hawaiʻi.

Endangered Hawaiian Goose (Shutterstock)

Often mistaken for mallards, koloa maoli are shy, brown native ducks that prefer quiet wetlands and forest streams. Pure koloa is increasingly rare due to hybridization, but they’re still out there, paddling among reeds and dabbling in shallow water. Listening for the soft quacks of the Koloa Maoli can help birdwatchers locate these elusive ducks in their natural habitat.

Where to look: Hanalei and Keālia refuges, and parts of Hawaiʻi Island

The endangered ‘Amakihi, a honey creeper (Shutterstock)

The post Wings of Hawai’i: A Traveler’s Guide to Native Hawaiian Birds appeared first on Hawaii.com.

On your first visit to Waimea Canyon State Park, you might just pull over at the Pu’u Hinahina Lookout and stand there, speechless. The canyon sprawls below, carved out in vivid layers of rust-red rock, bright green vegetation, and deep crevices. It’s like standing inside a living painting.

Waimea Canyon, Kauai (Shutterstock)

Where Is Waimea Canyon State Park?

Waimea Canyon State Park is located on the western side of Kauai, Hawaii’s oldest and fourth-largest island. The park stretches approximately 14 miles long, one mile wide, and more than 3,600 feet deep. It’s the breathtaking result of volcanic activity and millennia of erosion caused by the Waimea River.

Getting there: From Lihue, the island’s main airport, it’s about a 90-minute drive via Highway 50 and Waimea Canyon Drive. The road climbs steadily, winding through jungle and forest until opening up to expansive canyon views.

Waimea Canyon State Park Tickets

While entrance to the park is free for Hawaii residents, Waimea Canyon State Park tickets are required for out-of-state visitors. As of 2025:

• Parking Fee: $10 per vehicle for non-residents
• Entrance Fee: $5 per person for non-residents (ages 4 and up)
• Hawaii residents: Free with a valid ID

It’s highly recommended to purchase Waimea Canyon State Park tickets and parking in advance through the Hawaii State Parks website, especially during peak tourist season when spots fill up quickly.

hike in Waimea Canyon State Park (Shutterstock)

Things to Do at Waimea Canyon State Park

1. Soak in the Views from Scenic Lookouts

• Waimea Canyon Lookout: The most iconic viewpoint around mile marker 10. It’s a great spot for that first jaw-dropping panorama.
• Pu‘u Hinahina Lookout: Offers stunning panoramic views of the canyon and fewer crowds.
• Pu‘u Ka Pele Lookout: A lesser-known gem perfect for sunrise or sunset.
• Kila Lookout: Breathtaking views of the Napali Coast and surrounding landscape, making it an ideal spot for photography.
• Kalalau Lookout: Stunning views of the Nāpali Coast close to amenities like the Kōke’e Lodge, which offers food and services for visitors.

“You haven’t seen Kauai until you’ve seen Waimea Canyon. I literally gasped at the lookout.” — @adventureswithjess on Instagram

2. Hike the Canyon

Waimea Canyon is a hiker’s paradise, featuring deep valley gorges to explore. Whether you’re a seasoned trekker or a casual stroller, there’s something for everyone.

• Canyon Trail to Waipo‘o Falls (3.6 miles round trip): My personal favorite. It leads to a stunning waterfall and offers some of the most scenic vistas, including views of the dramatic red dirt crags and vibrant greenery.
• Cliff Trail (0.2 miles): A short, family-friendly trail with amazing views.
• Kukui Trail (5 miles round-trip): For experienced hikers looking to descend into the canyon and witness the striking geological features up close.

“Hands down the best hike we did on Kauai. The Canyon Trail was muddy but 100% worth it.” — @traveltribealex

3. Marvel at Waipo‘o Falls

Waipo’o Falls is a key attraction within Waimea Canyon State Park, offering scenic views that can be enjoyed from various lookouts along the canyon. You can spot these picturesque 800-foot falls from afar or hike to the top for a closer look. Either way, Waipo‘o Falls is one of the most photogenic spots in the park.

Tip: Bring hiking boots with good traction and be ready for a little mud. Kauai’s weather can shift quickly.

4. Discover Nearby Kokee State Park

Right next door to Waimea Canyon is Koke’e State Park, known for its diverse rainforest ecosystems, hiking trails, and unique features. The higher elevations mean misty mornings and cool temperatures. It’s home to native flora and fauna and the Kokee Natural History Museum.

What to Bring to Waimea Canyon State Park

• Water and snacks: There are limited food options once you’re in the park
• Layers: It can be warm and sunny at lower elevations and chilly up top
• A rain jacket: Quick showers are common
• Camera: You won’t want to miss these shots

Waterfall in Waimea Canyon State Park (Shutterstock)

When to Visit Waimea Canyon State Park

While Kauai is beautiful year-round, the best time to visit Waimea Canyon State Park is during the dry season (April to October). Morning visits tend to offer clearer views, as clouds and fog often roll in by afternoon. If you can, aim for a weekday morning to avoid the crowds. And don’t forget to check the latest park conditions before heading out.

Cultural Significance of the Area

Waimea means “reddish water,” a reference to the canyon’s vibrant hues caused by red volcanic soil. The area holds deep cultural and spiritual significance for Native Hawaiians. The land was once a thriving home for Native Hawaiian communities and continues to be a place of ancestral connection, stories, and sacred history.

According to mo‘olelo (Hawaiian legends), the canyon and surrounding lands are rich with tales that speak of the gods, the elements, and early Hawaiian life. These stories are woven into the landscape — visible not just in the cliffs and valleys, but in the very spirit of the place.

Visitors are encouraged to honor that history by treading with care. Stay on marked trails, avoid touching or removing plants and rocks, and always show respect for any cultural sites you may encounter. The canyon isn’t just a photo opportunity — it’s a living, breathing part of Hawai‘i’s heritage. Let your visit be one of reverence, learning, and aloha.

“So much more than a pretty view — Waimea Canyon felt sacred. Grateful to witness it.” — @soulfulnomad

Nearby Attractions 

• Polihale State Park: Tucked away at the end of a rugged dirt road, Polihale is one of Kaua‘i’s most remote and enchanting beaches.
• Waimea Town: Great for grabbing local grinds and browsing shops, you’ll also find a historic theater and a little museum spotlighting the town’s paniolo (Hawaiian cowboy) heritage.
• Hanapepe Art Night: A charming Friday evening event, stroll Main Street as galleries stay open late, local artists display their work, and live music fills the air with island vibes.
• Napali Coast: Panoramic views from the Pu’u o Kila Lookout, gaze across the Kalalau Valley, and out to the Nā Pali Coast — one of the most iconic and awe-inspiring vistas in all of Hawai‘i.
• Kōkeʻe State Park: A cool, forested escape with miles of hiking trails for bird watching.
• Kalalau Lookout: Often less crowded than Pu‘u o Kila, this lookout offers equally spectacular views of the Kalalau Valley and Nā Pali Coast.
• Russian Fort Elizabeth State Historical Park: This little-known gem holds the remains of a 19th-century Russian fort.
• Salt Pond Beach Park: One of the last places in Hawai‘i where traditional Hawaiian salt harvesting still takes place.
• Kaua‘i Coffee Company: The largest coffee farm in the U.S.

Where to Stay

While there are no hotels within Waimea Canyon State Park directly, plenty of accommodations nearby offer easy access:

• Waimea Plantation Cottages: Historic, oceanside stay with plantation-style charm
• Kokee Cabins: Rustic cabins within Kokee State Park (book early!)
• Hotels in Poipu: A 45-minute drive away with full resort amenities

Final Thoughts

Waimea Canyon State Park isn’t just a stop on the itinerary — it’s a soul-stirring experience. Whether you’re soaking in the views from a lookout, hiking the red dirt trails, or watching the clouds play tag with the cliffs and crested buttes, this park offers an unforgettable window into the raw beauty of Hawaii.

So go ahead: pack a day bag, grab those Waimea Canyon State Park tickets, and prepare to be amazed by the Grand Canyon of the Pacific.

The post Explore the Grand Canyon of the Pacific: A Guide to Waimea Canyon State Park appeared first on Hawaii.com.

Humpback whale mother and calf swim in Hawaii’s ocean waters. (Photo: NOAA)

The sun-kissed waters surrounding Hawaii’s picturesque islands hold a secret that captivates locals and tourists alike — the awe-inspiring presence of humpback whales.

As the winter chill descends upon the northern hemisphere, these gentle giants embark on an epic journey to the warm embrace of Hawaii’s tropical seas. Join us on a mesmerizing adventure as we delve into the enchanting world of humpback whales, exploring their incredible migration, unique behaviors, and the profound impact they have on Hawaii’s ecosystem.

Humpback Whales’ Great Migration

Humpback whales, scientifically known as Megaptera novaeangliae, are true globetrotters.

Every year, they embark on one of the longest migration journeys of any mammal, covering thousands of miles from their feeding grounds in cold, nutrient-rich polar regions to the warm waters surrounding the Hawaiian islands.

The annual pilgrimage is quite the spectacle, drawing thousands of visitors who eagerly await the opportunity to witness these magnificent creatures up close.

Why do Humpback Whales Head to Hawaii?

The waters surrounding Hawaii serve as the perfect winter destination for humpback whales.

The warm, shallow seas provide an ideal environment for giving birth and nursing their young calves. The calving grounds offer protection from natural predators, making it a safe haven for the newborns during their most vulnerable stages of life.

Humpback Whale Courtship and Song

Once in Hawaii, the humpbacks engage in fascinating courtship rituals that include breaching, tail slapping, and an intricate vocal display.

The males compete fiercely for the attention of females through acrobatic displays, launching their colossal bodies out of the water and creating enormous splashes. However, it is their enchanting songs that truly captivate the hearts of those who have the privilege of hearing them.

Humpback whales are renowned for their melodious tunes, believed to be one of the most complex and evocative forms of communication in the animal kingdom. These hauntingly beautiful songs can travel for great distances, echoing across the ocean’s depths. Scientists are still decoding the purpose behind these vocalizations, but they are thought to play a significant role in mating rituals and establishing territory.

Preserving Hawaii’s Ocean Giants

The presence of humpback whales in Hawaii is not only a remarkable natural wonder but also a poignant reminder of the interconnectedness of our planet’s ecosystems. The whales’ annual migration highlights the importance of preserving both their breeding and feeding grounds to ensure the continuity of their species.

Thankfully, conservation efforts in Hawaii have been instrumental in protecting these magnificent creatures.

RELATED: Learn more about how you can help with humpback whale conservation efforts.

Whale-watching tours and water-based activities adhere to strict guidelines to prevent disturbances and maintain a safe distance from the whales, ensuring their natural behaviors are not disrupted. Additionally, local organizations work tirelessly to educate the public about the critical role humpback whales play in maintaining a balanced marine environment.

Humpback whales are not only guardians of the oceans but also ambassadors of awareness, inspiring people around the world to take action against threats such as climate change, ocean pollution, and ship strikes. Through collective efforts, we can secure a brighter future for these incredible giants of the sea.

More Whales in Hawaii’s Waters

Humpback whales are not the only whales that can be found in Hawaii’s waters. Several other whale species can also be spotted in Hawaiian waters throughout the year.

Hawaii’s warm and nutrient-rich waters make it a diverse and rich habitat for various marine life, including different species of whales.

Some of the other whale species that can be found in Hawaii’s waters include:

Sperm Whales: Sperm whales are deep-diving whales and are often seen in the offshore waters of Hawaii. They are the largest toothed whales and are known for their distinctive square-shaped heads and impressive diving abilities.

Bryde’s Whales: Bryde’s whales are relatively common in Hawaiian waters, particularly around the main islands. They are medium-sized baleen whales and are often observed feeding on small fish and krill.

Pilot Whales: Pilot whales, both short-finned and long-finned, can occasionally be spotted in the deeper waters of Hawaii. These social and highly vocal whales tend to travel in large pods.

Melon-Headed Whales: Despite their name, melon-headed whales are actually a species of oceanic dolphin. They are occasionally seen in Hawaiian waters and are known for their playful behavior.

Killer Whales (Orca): Although not as common as the other species mentioned, there have been occasional sightings of killer whales in Hawaii’s waters. These apex predators are known for their intelligence and complex social structures.

Cuvier’s Beaked Whales: Cuvier’s beaked whales are deep-diving whales that can be found in offshore waters. They are elusive and not often seen, but they are present in the region.

The post Meet the Majestic Humpback Whale: Hawaii’s Ocean Giants appeared first on Hawaii.com.

Hawaiian geese, or Nene, are the official state bird.

Back from the Brink of Extinction

These charismatic water birds are native to Hawai‘i and, though they were once almost extinct, are beginning to make a much-needed comeback.

Nene can be easily mistaken for Canada Geese. Their appearances are astonishingly similar. They diverged from a common ancestor about a million years ago. At that point the Nene made their way to Hawai‘i. Their differences include physical features like size and feet. Nene are smaller and have less webbing that allows them to walk across rough lava rocks in search of their favorite foods, like red ‘ohelo berries.

Non-migratory, Nene typically remain in the same territory year-after-year, especially to nest. In fact, you might be startled by defensive geese charging out unexpectedly from the brush during breeding season which occurs from August to April. These parents are extremely protective of their young – and for good reason! Their numbers still fall dramatically short of what they once were. Their total population is estimated to be around 2,000.

Where to See a Nene

Nene are mostly found in areas where less human habitation exists, like Kauaʻi and Hawaiʻi Island. Yet they can still be discovered on Maui in places such as Haleakalā Crater.

Good news! They were recently spotted on O‘ahu for the first time since the 1700s.

Quirky Yet Beloved Birds

These quirky birds have distinct characteristic. They are known to be chatty. You can hear all kinds of noises when they communicate with each other, like grumbles and hoots. When other species are around, they are inclined to show them just who is in charge. These quirky traits are among the reasons they have been beloved by people ever since Polynesian settlers first began arriving on the Hawaiian Islands. Nene are even reverently mentioned in the Kumulipo (Hawaiian creation chant) as the guardian spirits of the land.

Please Keep Your Distance

As you admire the Nene, please remember to keep a good distance since they remain federally-protected and are still considered an endangered species. But if you’ve got the right kind of camera lens, you can capture their exquisiteness against backdrops like the gorgeously green scenery of Hanalei, Kauaʻi.

The post Nene: Hawaii’s Beloved Bird appeared first on Hawaii.com.

This is no improv event; this 40-ton dude is serious. He’s in position with his head pointed down and his tail sticking up about 50 feet below water. His audience, mostly other guys, is about a half mile away. His range is remarkable, from the highest and lowest frequencies that can be heard by the human ear. His song is complex. He’ll moo and croon and chirp for maybe 15 minutes giving a performance that can be heard for miles. Then he’ll start all over again.

The lyrics are a mystery, and it’s not clear how humpbacks, who don’t have vocal cords, produce the intricate tunes they sing. But you can bet, there’s only one song per season and any humpback that sings will sing the same tune as his brothers. It’s a guy thing. Females don’t sing.

It would be nice to think the whales are singing because they’re happy to be back in Maui. But no one really knows. Since humpbacks come to Hawaii to breed, researchers have speculated that their songs are related to mating behavior. Others don’t agree. Why whales sing and what they’re trying to communicate remains largely a mystery.

Just as their migration habits are hard to understand. Every year they leave their fertile feeding grounds in Alaska and swim about 3,500 miles to Hawaii where they proceed to fast. For some reason, they don’t eat here. Instead, they mate, give birth and nurse their young.

Though the humpbacks, which are the fifth largest of the world’s great whales, frequent all Hawaiian islands, Maui is their favorite destination. Maui County’s four-island group provides a natural shelter not found on other islands. In close proximity, the islands form a shallow basin with the average depth of water about 300 feet. Humpbacks prefer relatively shallow water and tend to congregate near shore particularly after a calf is born.

Maui celebrates the annual arrival of the humpback crowd with more enthusiasm than any other island in Hawaii. Events are planned, there’s a parade and any vessel capable of taking on passengers will offer a whale watching tour. Thousands of visitors come to the island each year hoping to catch sight of a whale. There are so many out there that most companies guarantee sightings or another trip free.

There was a time when commercial whaling reduced the North Pacific humpback stock to critically low numbers. The whales are now considered an endangered species and protected under federal laws. Under protection, the North Pacific stock has grown to an estimated 10,000 to 15,000 animals. About 60 percent of them migrate to Hawaii.

Humpback whales exhibit a variety of behaviors that should be visible in one form or another from boats and shoreline lookouts. You might see a whale blow, which refers to the act of breathing and the cloud of water vapor produced above the animal’s head during the process of exhalation. Or you might see a tail slap, a heal slap or, if you’re lucky a breach, which means the whale will have propelled itself out of the water, generally clearing the surface with two-thirds of its body or more. And then in an amazing feat of marine gymnastics, the animal will throw one pectoral fin out to the side and turn in the air about its longitudinal axis.

On Maui, you can buy a relatively inexpensive ticket on almost any tour boat ride out of Lahaina, Ma’alaea Harbor or Ka’anapali and expect to see whales in the wild. If you like your whales by sunset with a cocktail in hand, there are companies that will oblige. You can choose between 150-passenger luxury cruise vessels, 18-passenger high-speed inflatable rafts, catamarans and sail boats.

Many boats are equipped with underwater microphones that pick up the sound of whale songs. Another cool way to hear this plaintiff serenade from the deep is to visit whalesong.net or jupiterfoundation.org and listen to a live whale concert from Maui.

The post The Whales are Singing: Sounds of the Humpback Whale appeared first on Hawaii.com.

Both species are considered endangered, but the Hawaiian hawksbill population is critical, estimated at less than 30 nesting turtles.

Named for its sharp, beaklike mouth, a hawksbill can weigh up to 270 pounds, much smaller than the hulking green sea turtle, which sometimes weighs in at 400 pounds. Hawksbill turtles are known for their beautiful exterior shell, often referred to as “tortoise shell,” which was exploited for many years by the fashion industry and has driven the species almost to extinction.

Green Sea Turtles, unlike the Hawksbills, are commonly featured in films about Hawaii, and often appear live on ocean excursions. Watch for them feeding on seaweed that grows on the rocks in shallow areas. Called honu in Hawaiian, the turtles are referred to as green not for the color of the algae growing on their backs, but for the color of their meat. Yep, it’s green.

It is believed that Hawaiian Green Sea Turtles can live up to 80 years and most don’t reach sexual maturity until they are about 25 years old, sometimes taking twice that long.

Turtles, like salmon, return to where they were hatched to lay their eggs. Every second or third year, turtles migrate hundreds of miles to nest. Each female will lay two or three clutches of 100 to 110 eggs each before swimming back to its favorite resting and feeding area in the protected waters of the inshore reef.

Look but don’t touch. Protected by the Endangered Species Act, it’s against the law to harass both Hawksbill and Green Sea turtles in any way, including touching. So if you see one when you’re snorkeling, give it 10 to 15 feet of space and enough room to surface and breathe.

The post Meet the Critically Endangered Hawksbill Sea Turtle appeared first on Hawaii.com.

“We were out there not 15 minutes when this magnificent creature came up and did a head slap,” said Howland, 56. “We were a couple of hundred yards away, but you could clearly see what a massive, powerful thing it was. Its front must have been 15 feet out of the water, at least, and I’m thinking, ‘That’s just the tip of the iceberg.’ ”

The sighting, which Howland said lasted just a second or two, happened during a 1988 whale-watching tour at Maui’s Ma’alaea Bay.

“It was an incredible rush for me,” said Howland. “In one instant, your place on this planet is put right into perspective. Right then and there you know big from small.”

Howland, whose wife, Alicia, has family on O’ahu, has been coming back to Hawai’i every three or four years trying to recapture the magic of that transcendent first encounter. By land and by sea, he’s seen the migratory giants arch, dive, slap, hop and breach off Maui, O’ahu, the Big Island and Lana’i.

On one tour off Olowalu, Howland snapped a “perfect” photo of a whale’s fluke in midslap. It sits in a frame on his desk at work.

“I’ve looked at that photo so many times, I’ve memorized the markings on (the whale’s) tail,” Howland said. “I keep thinking maybe I’ll run across him again somewhere, someday.”

High-powered binoculars in hand and zinc oxide on his nose, Howland kept an eye out for his elusive friend during a recent shoreline stop at Spitting Caves off Portlock.

“No sign of him yet, but I’ve seen lots of activity,” said Howland. “You can’t go wrong this time of year.”

Standing nearby, Niu Valley resident Desiree Potter was hoping her 5-year-old twins, Lance and Lane, would get their own first glimpse of a whale.

“It’s got to be better than my first time,” she said. “I was on a boat totally seasick, and my boyfriend at the time kept saying, ‘Look, Des, look.’ Finally, I looked and I saw this mama and her baby coming up. It was so amazing, I got chicken skin. I forgot I was sick.”

However, with the sun glaring from directly overhead, Potter said, she couldn’t tell a humpback from a whitecap on the dazzling surface.

“I might be seeing something, but I wouldn’t know,” she said. “The boys, they gave up already.”

A Sight to See

Like Potter and Howland, thousands of residents and visitors are taking guided boat tours or flocking to coastal lookouts to catch the migratory humpback whales on annual winter vacation from the Gulf of Alaska.

Juvenile males are the first to arrive, usually in November, followed by adult males and females, and then pregnant females.

Warm Hawaiian waters don’t produce enough krill (tiny shrimp-like animals, the humpbacks’ primary food source) to sustain the whales year-round, but they do provide a safe environment for the whales to mate, calve and nurse their young before departing around April.

While humpbacks can be found near each of the major islands, most head straight to Maui, where the proximity of neighboring Lana’i, Moloka’i and Kaho’olawe (and the shallow basin they form) provide a protective environment for the nursing mothers and calves.

“On the Leeward side of the island, you can see a whale within 15 to 20 minutes if you’re looking,” said Greg Kaufman, president and founder of Pacific Whale Foundation.

If You’re Lucky …

Kaufman said he’s seen the North Pacific whale population increase from about 600 to about 8,000 during his 30 years of researching whales and advocating their protection. Even with their improving numbers, Kaufman said, people should keep in mind that seeing a humpback whale — “1/8000th of the entire population” — is pretty special.

Still, people who watch too much “Extreme Animal Planet” occasionally show up expecting to see breaching whales at every turn.

“So to me, people need to lower their expectations about what they’re going to see and realize that they’re seeing a living, wild animal in its natural environment,” Kaufman said. “Things aren’t going to be perfect. It’s not like a safari. They’re here to mate, deliver and nurse their young.

If you’re expecting a Michael Jordan highlight, you’re going to be really disappointed.”

Variety of Tours

The whales are a major draw for visitors, and, accordingly, there’s no shortage of whale-watching tours to choose from, including the one operated by Kaufman’s foundation.

Kaufman and other longtime operators advise would-be clients to choose carefully. He said tours dedicated solely to whale-watching tend to offer longer and better opportunities to observe whale behavior than tours that offer whale-watching as part of a larger package of activities.

Kaufman also said it helps to have a certified naturalist guiding the tour to help interpret those behaviors and to answer questions accurately.

Most tour companies use catamarans, which provide the kind of relatively steady ride and elevated viewing angles that many novice whale-watchers prefer. However, inflatable-boat and kayak tours also are available for a more immediate experience. Regardless, all are subject to the same rule that restricts boats from approaching within 100 yards of whales.

On-Land Viewing

Not that you need to be on a boat to see a whale. Many casual whale-watchers make do with a whale-watching book, some sunscreen, and a seat on the shore.

On O’ahu, the best on-landviewing is on the south shore, at places like Makapu’u Lighthouse, Halona Blow Hole, the Lana’i Lookout, Spitting Caves and Diamond Head.

With shoreline viewing, the deeper the water is close to shore, the closer the whales are likely to approach. That’s important because even from an elevated vantage point like the Makapu’u Lighthouse lookout, sun, wind and other conditions can make spotting a whale difficult.

Some whale-watchers hold that whales are less likely to surface during midday hours. Not true, said Kaufman, explaining that whales maintain their visible respiratory behavior around the clock,— although glare from the sun and disturbances on the surface of the water can make those difficult for untrained eyes to spot. Kaufman says whales can be seen at any time of the day if the watcher knows what to look for.

Christine Brammer, O’ahu programs coordinator for the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary, said the best way to look for whales from shore is to find a location with an elevated view, then scan the ocean slowly, not back and forth, but left to right and left to right again.

“You’re less likely to miss something that way,” she said.

Brammer works with volunteers at the sanctuary’s shoreline whale surveys. She advises volunteers to look for the telltale whale’s spout, one of the more frequent and easy-to-spot behaviors.

“Once you spot that, focus on the area around it for the whale to resurface,” she said.

Brammer said other species of whale besides humpbacks are in Hawaiian waters year-round, but they’re generally too small to notice from shore.

Back at Spitting Caves, the Potters called it a day after Lane saw a whale spout in the distance, an event Alicia Howland happily confirmed through her own set of binoculars.

“Yep,” Dennis Howland said. “Thar something blows.”

Whale-Watching Tips:

Slowly scan the ocean left to right. When you complete one visual pass, start at the left again.

Keep an eye out for spouting, one of the most visible and frequent whale behaviors.

Once you spot a whale, keep an eye on the immediate vicinity for it to resurface or demonstrate other observable behavior.

Remember that wind, glare and choppy seas can make whales more difficult to spot.

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These huge, endangered creatures, which can grow to 4 feet and weigh up to 400 pounds, feed on seaweed called limu that grows on the rocks in shallow areas.

Called honu in Hawaiian, the turtles are referred to as green not for the color of the algae growing on their backs, but for the color of their meat.

Yep, it’s green.

Since 1979, the turtles have been protected by the Endangered Species Act and it is against the law to harass them in any way, including touching.

It is believed that Green Sea Turtles can live up to 80 years and most don’t reach sexual maturity until they are about 25 years old, sometimes taking twice that long.

Turtles, like salmon, return to the place they were hatched to lay their eggs. Every second or third year, turtles migrate hundreds of miles to nest. Each female will lay two or three clutches of 100 to 110 eggs before swimming back to its favorite resting and feeding area in the protected waters of the inshore reef.

Paddling a kayak in Kailua Bay off Oahu is a good way to get up close without bothering these slow moving, mostly friendly creatures.

It is common to see green sea turtles in Oahu waters, but if you see one, be mindful that they are endangered creatures and protected by law.

If you come across a sea turtle when snorkeling, give it 10 to 15 feet of space and allow room for the animal to surface and breathe. It is against the law to approach, chase, surround, touch or swim with any protected marine mammal.

To report suspected violations, call the NOAA Enforcement Hotline at 1-800-853-1964.

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But not all whales in Hawaiian waters are humpbacks.

Many other whale species frequent the waters surrounding the Hawaiian islands, and odontocetas — known as toothed whales — have been spotted year-round off the coasts of Maui, Molokai, and Lanai.

Odontocetas spotted in Hawaii include:

• false killer whales
• melon-headed whales
• pygmy killer whales
• short-finned pilot whales

While smaller than humpback whales, odontocetas are typically seen in larger pods that can include hundreds of animals. Watching them interact and swim together is an indelible experience.

During a three-month period, researchers from Pacific Whale Foundation’s Wild Whale and Dolphin Project documented more than 62 sightings of odontocetes, including groups of spinner, spotted, bottlenose and rough-toothed dolphins as well as short-finned pilot whales, melon-headed whales and orcas.

The sightings occurred in a study area between Maui, Lanai, Molokai and Kahoolawe. Some of the groups were quite large, including a group of 400 melon-headed whales.

Pilot Whales are Most Frequently Seen

The most frequently seen of Maui’s year-round whale residents are short-finned pilot whales, which average 12 to 16 feet long and weigh 1.5 to 2.5 tons. They are easily recognized by their rather large and bulbous heads and their strongly curved, broad-based dorsal fins. They’re primarily black or dark gray and have been seen in groups averaging 24 animals.

How to Spot a False Killer Whale

False killer whales average a sturdy 13 to 16 feet long at adulthood, weighing a ton or more. They are all black except for a light gray area on their bellies. Their heads are small and slender, and their mouth openings are large. Despite their name, they bear very little resemblance to the killer (orca) whale.

Melon-headed Whales are Smaller Than Pilots and False Killer Whales

Melon-headed whales are 7.5 feet long on average, weighing about 350 pounds. They are black on their backs and sides, with a small gray patch on the underside in the throat area. The mouth line is short and steeply angled.

Orcas are Occassionally Sighted

Occasionally, orca whales have been sighted off the coast of Lanai. The orcas may be part of a population that has been dubbed rogue killer whales, known for their habits of traveling in small groups and feeding opportunistically on nontraditional prey species. Male killer whales average 28 feet in length; females are 23 feet long. The average weight is eight tons for males and four tons for females.

The post 4 Whale Species That Have Been Spotted Year-Round in Hawaii appeared first on Hawaii.com.

Here are some interesting facts about these giants of the ocean that migrate to Hawaii every year:

RELATED: Meet the Majestic Humpback Whale: Hawaii’s Ocean Giants

Acrobatic Behaviors

Humpback whales are known for their impressive acrobatic displays, including breaching (leaping out of the water), tail slapping, and spy-hopping (lifting their head vertically above the water to observe their surroundings). These behaviors are thought to be a form of communication and may also serve as a way to attract mates or establish dominance.

Size and Weight

Adult humpback whales are large animals, typically ranging from 40 to 50 feet (12 to 15 meters) in length and weighing between 25 to 40 tons. Despite their enormous size, they are agile and can easily maneuver through the water.

Baleen Plates

Humpback whales have baleen plates instead of teeth. These comb-like structures are made of keratin, the same material found in human hair and nails. Baleen plates are used to filter-feed on small fish, krill, and plankton. During feeding, the whale opens its mouth wide, takes in a large amount of water, and then pushes the water out through the baleen, trapping the prey inside to be swallowed.

Intricate Songs

Male humpback whales are renowned for their complex and haunting songs. These songs can last for up to 20 minutes and are repeated in a pattern of themes and phrases. Scientists believe that these songs are a form of communication and play a role in mating rituals and establishing territory.

Migratory Marvels

Humpback whales embark on one of the longest migrations of any mammal. They travel thousands of miles each year from their feeding grounds in polar regions, such as Alaska and Antarctica, to warmer waters near the equator for breeding and calving. The migration allows them to take advantage of the rich feeding grounds in colder waters and the safe, protected waters of tropical breeding grounds.

RELATED: All About Whale Watching in Hawaii

Longevity

Humpback whales have relatively long lifespans, with some individuals estimated to live up to 50 years or more. However, estimating the exact lifespan of wild humpbacks can be challenging.

International Travelers

Humpback whales are found in oceans worldwide, inhabiting both the northern and southern hemispheres. Different populations have distinct migration routes and behaviors. For instance, the humpbacks seen in Hawaii during the winter months are part of the North Pacific population.

Protective Mothers

Female humpback whales are devoted mothers, fiercely protecting their calves from predators and potential threats. Mother-calf pairs often develop strong bonds, and the calves stay close to their mothers for several months until they gain enough strength to make the long journey back to the feeding grounds.

Cultural Significance

Humpback whales hold cultural significance for many indigenous communities around the world. They are often considered sacred animals and feature prominently in myths, legends, and traditional stories.

Conservation Success

Humpback whales were once severely threatened by commercial whaling, leading to a significant decline in their populations. However, thanks to international protection efforts and a ban on commercial whaling, many humpback populations have shown signs of recovery, making them one of the great conservation success stories of our time.

These are just a handful of the many remarkable facts about humpback whales. Their beauty, intelligence, and complex behaviors continue to captivate scientists, marine enthusiasts, and all those lucky enough to encounter them in the wild.

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